Tooth fracture can occur at any age due to falls, sports, traffic accidents or foreign objects striking the teeth. The consequence of such an impact on a tooth varies from mild enamel chipping to complex crown-root fractures with pulp involvement. Treatment of young permanent teeth with pulp involvement represents both an endodontic and a restorative challenge. When the pulp is exposed in an immature tooth, the dentist is faced with an endodontic and restorative challenge. Preservation of pulp vitality is of major importance and the use of calcium silicate materials is considered to be the gold standard. Dr. Marga Ree will address how an inflamed pulp should be treated to limit damage caused by the injury and to maximize the chances of pulp survival. She will focus on endodontic, but also on restorative aspects, and show you which restorative solutions are available, varying from smoothing out sharp edges, re-attachment of the original fragment or restoration with composite or ceramics.
In addition, treatment options for non-vital teeth with open apices will be discussed. Although regenerative endodontic procedures (REP) have been recommended as a promising alternative to the calcium silicate cement barrier technique, there are still limitations and disadvantages, which might result in an unpredictable outcome. In contrast, there is substantial evidence of the favorable outcome of immature teeth treated with the MTA barrier technique.
The discolored anterior tooth is a common aesthetic concern for many patients. It can have a profound effect on their self-esteem, interaction with others and employability. Discolored vital and non-vital teeth are frequently compromised owing to previous trauma, endodontic therapy and failed restorations. Destructive invasive treatment options are likely to weaken the residual structure of the tooth. This can reduce the prognosis and challenge the long-term viability of the tooth. Another dilemma is whether it is always necessary to do endodontic treatment in a yellow front tooth with a calcified root canal system. Modern approaches to the treatment of discolored teeth will be discussed. The importance of preventing and eliminating the potential for discoloration will be highlighted. Detailed technical information on the application of the various bleaching techniques will be discussed, with many clinical examples.
Resorption is a condition associated with either a physiological or a pathological process resulting in loss of hard tissue. Various internal and external root resorption processes may occur in teeth, and it may be challenging to accurately diagnose a resorptive process. Resorption may occur following a traumatic dental injury, but it can also develop during orthodontic treatment. In this presentation, inflammatory root resorption, replacement resorption, internal resorption and invasive cervical resorption will be discussed. The last type of resorption is frequently misdiagnosed as caries, resulting in improper treatment that may lead to premature loss of the tooth. In order to choose an appropriate treatment strategy, it is paramount to understand the pathological and physiological processes involved in different types of resorption.